Maud menten biography of barack obama
Early life and career of Barack Obama
Barack Obama, the 44th overseer of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii[1] to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born comport yourself Oriang' Kogelo of Rachuonyo Northernmost District,[2]Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States).[3]
Obama spent most of his boyhood years in Honolulu, where circlet mother attended the University jurisdiction Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
Obama abstruse a close relationship with diadem maternal grandparents. In 1965, consummate mother remarried to Lolo Soetoro from Indonesia. Two years adjacent, Dunham took Obama with shrewd to Indonesia to reunite him with his stepfather. In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu have knowledge of attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in 1979.
As a young adult, Obama emotional to the contiguous United States, where he was educated discuss Occidental College, Columbia University, pivotal Harvard Law School. In Metropolis, Obama worked at various period as a community organizer, solicitor, lecturer and senior Lecturer befit constitutional law at the Institution of higher education of Chicago Law School attach the city's South Side, endure later published his memoir Dreams from My Father before technique his political career in 1997 as a member of position Illinois Senate.
Childhood years
Parents' environs and meeting
Main article: Family indicate Barack Obama
Barack Obama's parents fall over in 1960 while they were students at the University replicate Hawaii at Manoa. Obama's pop, Barack Obama, Sr., the university's first foreign student from place African nation,[4] hailed from Oriang' Kogelo, Rachuonyo North District, satisfy the Nyanza Province of make love to Kenya.[2][5] Obama's mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann, confidential been born in Wichita.
They married on the Hawaiian retreat of Maui on February 2, 1961.[6]
Barack Hussein Obama II, resident in Honolulu on August 4, 1961, at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital take up 1611 Bingham Street (a forerunner of the Kapiʻolani Medical Interior for Women and Children improve on 1319 Punahou Street), was given name for his father.[4][7][8]The Honolulu Advertiser and the Honolulu Star-Bulletin declared the birth.[9]
Soon after their son's birth, while Obama's father drawn-out his education at the Order of the day of Hawaii, Ann Dunham took the infant to Seattle, General, where she took classes take a shot at the University of Washington make the first move September 1961 to June 1962.
She and her son temporary in an apartment in greatness Capitol Hill neighborhood.[10] After graduating from the University of Island with a B.A. in investment, Obama, Sr. left the run about like a headless chicken in June 1962, moving give your approval to Cambridge, Massachusetts for graduate glance at in economics at Harvard Lincoln that Autumn.[4][11][12][13]
Ann Dunham returned wrestle her son to Honolulu most recent in January 1963 resumed troop undergraduate education at the Sanatorium of Hawaii.[10] In January 1964, Dunham filed for divorce, which was not contested.[6] Barack Obama, Sr.
later graduated from Altruist University with an A.M. focal point economics and in 1965 requited to Kenya.[11][12][14]
During her first day back at the University exhaust Hawaii, Dunham met Lolo Soetoro.[15] He was one year perform his American experience, after fold up semesters on the Manoa bookish and a summer on decency mainland at Northwestern and character University of Wisconsin, when why not?
encountered Dunham, then an student interested in anthropology. A surveyor from Indonesia, he had star to Honolulu in September 1962 on an East–West Center contribute to study at the Home of Hawaii.[16] He earned pure M.A. in geography in June 1964.
Dunham and Soetoro connubial on March 15, 1965, gravity Molokai.
They returned to Port to live with her incongruity as a family.[17] After pair one-year extensions of his J-1 visa, Soetoro returned to Country on June 20, 1966.[18] Dunham and her son moved trauma with her parents at their house. She continued with send someone away studies, earning a B.A. dull anthropology in August 1967, spell her son attended kindergarten load 1966–1967 at Noelani Elementary School.[19][20]
Indonesia
In 1967, Obama and his dam moved to Jakarta (known whilst Djakarta at the time) penalty rejoin his stepfather.[22] The initially lived in a not long ago built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of loftiness Tebetsubdistrict in South Jakarta bolster two and a half majority, while Soetoro worked on tidy topographic survey for the Land government.[23][24] From January 1968 inhibit December 1969, Obama's mother unskilled English and served as block up assistant director of the U.S.
government-subsidized Indonesia-America Friendship Institute,[25] as Obama attended the Indonesian-languageSanto Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School around the blockage from their house for Ordinal, 2nd, and part of Ordinal grade.[23]
Obama's mother met a transgendered person named Evie (who was known as Trudi at grandeur time), at a cocktail class in 1969.
Dunham was good impressed by Evie's beef steak and fried rice that she offered her a job cut down the family home. It outspoken not take long before Evie was also caretaker for for that reason eight-year-old "Barry", as Obama was often referred to as mistreatment, and his baby sister Mayan. As a caretaker, she along with spent time playing with Obama and bringing him to come to rest from school, which she lengthened to do for about bend over years.[26]
In 1970, Soetoro took trim new job at higher compensate in Union Oil Company's regulation relations office.[4][23][27][28][29][30] From January 1970 to August 1972, Obama's spread taught English and was undiluted department head and a executive of the Institute of State Education and Development.[25] Obama strained the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki Primary, one-and-half miles east in interpretation exclusive Menteng administrative village, cheerfulness part of 3rd grade pole for 4th grade.
By that time, he had picked apropos on some Indonesian in adjoining to his native English.[23] Be active also joined the Cub Scouts.[31]
In the summer of 1970, Obama returned to Hawaii for program extended visit with his protective grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham.
His mother had also resolute an interview for possible compliance to the Punahou School arbitrate Honolulu, one of the even more private schools in the city.[32] On August 15, 1970, Dunham and Soetoro celebrated the emergence of their daughter, Maya Kassandra Soetoro.[33]
Return to Hawaii
In mid-1971, Obama moved back to Hawaii achieve live with his grandparents nearby attend Punahou School starting refurbish fifth grade.[34][35] In December 1971, Obama was visited for cool month by his father, Barack Obama Sr., from Kenya.
Bring to a halt was the last time Obama would see his father. That was followed by his smear visiting her son and parents in Honolulu from late 1971 to January 1972.
In 1972, Dunham returned to Hawaii, delivery along the young Maya, Obama's half-sister. Dunham started graduate lucubrate in anthropology at the Academia of Hawaii at Manoa. Munch through sixth grade through eighth publicize at Punahou, Obama lived tally his mother and Maya.[36][37]
Obama's be quiet completed her coursework at justness University of Hawaii for plug M.A.
in anthropology in Dec 1974.[38] After three years radiate Hawaii, she and Maya mutual to Jakarta in August 1975,[39] where Dunham completed her understanding with the Institute of Direction Education and Development and afoot anthropological fieldwork.[40] Obama chose inspire stay with his grandparents encompass Honolulu to continue his studies at Punahou School for wreath high school years.[8][41]
In his memoirs Obama describes his experiences juvenile up in his mother's medial class family.
His knowledge be aware of his African father, who joint once for a brief send back in 1971, came mainly from end to end of family stories and photographs.[42] Atlas his early childhood, Obama writes: "That my father looked kickshaw like the people around me—that he was black as cast, my mother white as milk—barely registered in my mind."[5] Grandeur book describes his struggles style a young adult to unite social perceptions of his multiracial heritage.[43] He wrote that appease used alcohol, marijuana, and cocain during his teenage years agree to "push questions of who Distracted was out of my mind".[44] Obama was also a participant of the "choom gang", calligraphic self-named group of friends wind spent time together and requently smoked marijuana.[45][46] Obama has articulate that it was a grave mistake.
At the Saddleback Cosmopolitan Presidential Forum, Barack Obama single-minded his high-school drug use hoot his greatest moral failure.[47] Obama has stated he has shout used any illegal drugs because he was a teenager.[48]
Some fail his fellow students attending Punahou School later told the Honolulu Star-Bulletin that Obama was ethical for his age as fine high school student and roam he sometimes attended parties view other events in order manage associate with African American institute students and military service disseminate.
Reflecting later on his pliant years in Honolulu, Obama wrote: "The opportunity that Hawaii offered—to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of interactive respect—became an integral part virtuous my world view, and unadulterated basis for the values focus I hold most dear."[49]
Education summary
Grades | Dates | School | Location | Type | Degree/notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kindergarten | 1966–1967 | Noelani Elementary School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Public | |
1st–3rd grade | 1968–1970 | St.
Francis Assisi | Jakarta, Indonesia | Private Catholic | |
4th grade | 1970–1971 | State Elementary School Menteng 01 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Public | |
5th–12th grade | 1971–1979 | Punahou School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Private | High school credentials, 1979[49] |
Freshman–Sophomore year | 1979–1981 | Occidental College | Los Angeles | Private | Transferred to Columbia |
Junior–Senior year | 1981–1983 | Columbia University | New Dynasty City | Private | B.A., political science older with international relations and English literature |
1L–3L | 1988–1991 | Harvard Law School | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Private | J.D., magna cum laude President, Harvard Law Review |
Adult life
College years
Following revitalization school, Obama moved to Los Angeles in 1979, where significant studied at Occidental College contribution two years.[50] On February 18, 1981, he made his chief public speech, calling for Occidental's divestment from South Africa.[50] Modern the summer of 1981, Obama traveled to Jakarta to go again his mother and half-sister Amerind, and visited the families deduction Occidental College friends in City (India) and Karachi (Pakistan) mind three weeks.[50]
He then transferred calculate Columbia University in New Dynasty City, where he majored hurt political science with a specialism in international relations[51][52] and lure English literature.[53] Obama lived pull off campus in a modest rented apartment at 142 West 109th Street.[54][55] He graduated with expert B.A.
from Columbia in 1983, then worked at Business Worldwide Corporation and New York Get out Interest Research Group.[56][57]
Early career check Chicago
After four years living access New York, Obama moved walkout Chicago to work as simple community organizer.
He worked sense three years from June 1985 to May 1988 as full of yourself of the Developing Communities Attempt (DCP), a church-based community sense originally comprising eight Catholic parishes in Greater Roseland (Roseland, Westside Pullman, and Riverdale) on Chicago's far South Side.[56][58][59] During queen three years as the DCP's director, its staff grew let alone 1 to 13 and lecturer annual budget grew from $70,000 to $400,000, with accomplishments together with helping set up a task training program, a college primary preparatory to tutoring program, and a tenants' rights organization in Altgeld Gardens.[60] Obama also worked as deft consultant and instructor for greatness Gamaliel Foundation, a community accumulation institute.[61] In the summer personal 1988, he traveled for position first time to Europe pray three weeks then to Kenya for five weeks where soil met many of his fatherly relatives for the first time.[62]
Law School
Obama entered Harvard Law Faculty in late 1988.
In phony interview with Ebony in 1990, he stated that he adage a degree in law gorilla a vehicle to facilitate slacken off community organization and activism: "The idea was not only get at get people to learn fкte to hope and dream cynicism different possibilities, but to update how the tax structure affects what kind of housing gets built where."[63] At the stand up for of his first year grace was selected as an writer of the Harvard Law Review based on his grades contemporary a writing competition.[64] In Feb 1990, his second year disdain Harvard, he was elected kingpin of the law review, splendid full-time volunteer position functioning gorilla editor-in-chief and supervising the injure review's staff of 80 editors.[65] Obama's election as the extreme black president of the concept review was widely reported with the addition of followed by several long, complete profiles.[65] He got himself chosen by convincing a crucial flourish bloc of conservatives that no problem would protect their interests in case they supported him.
Building beg that trust was done enter the same kind of great listening sessions he had lazy in the poor neighborhoods be expeditious for South Side, Chicago. Richard Carver, who later taught at magnanimity University of Chicago Law Institution when Obama later taught here, said Obama was elected rewrite man "because people on the strike side believed he would teamwork them a fair shake."[59][66]
While pluck out law school he worked reorganization an associate at the injure firm Sidley & Austin instruction 1989, where he met circlet future wife, Michelle LaVaughn Actor, and where Newton N.
Minow was a managing partner. Minow later would introduce Obama accord some of Chicago's top duty leaders.[59] In the summer clamour 1990 he worked at Player & Sutter.[67] Also during potentate law school years, Obama exhausted eight days in Los Angeles taking a national training method on Alinsky methods of organizing.[59] He graduated with a J.D.magna cum laude from Harvard bed 1991 and returned to Chicago.[64]
Settling down in Chicago
The publicity propagate his election as the have control over African American president of description Harvard Law Review led beat a contract and advance ascend write a book about tidy up relations.[68] In an effort proffer recruit him to their talent, the University of Chicago Batter School provided Obama with clean up fellowship and an office understanding work on his book.[68] Take action originally planned to finish description book in one year, on the contrary it took much longer gorilla the book evolved into organized personal memoir.
In order reverse work without interruptions, Obama with the addition of his wife, Michelle, traveled locate Bali where he wrote tend several months. The manuscript was finally published as Dreams evacuate My Father in mid-1995.[68]
He mated Michelle in 1992[69] and yet down with her in Hyde Park, a liberal, integrated, hidebound Chicago neighborhood with a features of electing reform-minded politicians illogical of the Daley political machine.[70] The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born in 1998; their second, Natasha (known monkey Sasha), in 2001.[71]
One effect bargain the marriage was to produce Obama closer to other politically influential Chicagoans.
One of Michelle's best friends was Jesse Jackson's daughter, Santita Jackson, later decency godmother of the Obamas' rule child. Michelle herself had unnatural as an aide to Politician Richard M. Daley. Marty Nesbitt, a young, successful black financier (who played basketball with Michelle's brother, Craig Robinson), became Obama's best friend and introduced him to other African-American business wind up.
Before the marriage, according have round Craig, Obama talked about jurisdiction political ambitions, even saying zigzag he might run for number one someday.[59]
Project Vote
Obama directed Illinois Game Vote from April to Oct 1992, a voter registration impel, officially nonpartisan, that helped Ditty Moseley Braun become the eminent black woman ever elected ought to the Senate.[59] He headed barrier a staff of 10 forward 700 volunteers that achieved warmth goal of 400,000 registered Human Americans in the state, hero Crain's Chicago Business to fame Obama to its 1993 itemize of "40 under Forty" reason to be.[72][73][74] Although fundraising was not required for the peek when Obama was recruited superfluous the job, he started mainly active campaign to raise mode for the project.
According make ill Sandy Newman, who founded Enterprise Vote, Obama "raised more wealth than any of our induct directors had ever done. Illegal did a great job disturb enlisting a broad spectrum vacation organizations and people, including multitudinous who did not get govern well with one another."[74]
The fundraising brought Obama into contact trappings the wealthy, liberal elite atlas Chicago, some of whom became supporters in his future administrative career.
Through one of them he met David Axelrod, who later headed Obama's campaign provision president.[59] The fundraising committee was chaired by John Schmidt, keen former chief of staff revivify Mayor Richard M. Daley, bid John W. Rogers Jr., on the rocks young black money manager tolerate founder of Ariel Capital Management.[74] Obama also met much lecture the city's black political predominance, although he didn't always bury the hatchet along with the older politicians, with friction sometimes developing assigning Obama's reluctance to spend impecuniousness and his insistence on results.[59] "He really did it, wallet he let other people meanness all the credit", Schmidt closest said.
"The people standing postpone at the press conferences were Jesse Jackson and Bobby Line and I don't know who else. Barack was off chastise the side and only greatness people who were close preserve it knew he had result in all the work."[74]
1992–1996
Obama taught constitutive law at the University find time for Chicago Law School for xii years, as a Lecturer target four years (1992–1996), and pass for a Senior Lecturer for point years (1996–2004).[75] During this previous he taught courses in entirely process and equal protection, ballot rights, and racism and debit.
He published no legal education, and turned down tenured positions, but served eight years get the message the Illinois Senate during tiara twelve years at the university.[76]
In 1993 Obama joined Davis, Pollster, Barnhill & Galland, a 12-attorney law firm specializing in laical rights litigation and neighborhood financial development, where he was initiative associate for three years proud 1993 to 1996, then returns counsel from 1996 to 2004, with his law license comely inactive in 2007.[56][77] The homeland was well known among wholesale Chicago liberals and leaders pounce on the black community, and primacy firm's Judson H.
Miner, who met with Obama to enlist him before Obama's 1991 graduated system from law school, had antiquated counsel to former Chicago Politician Harold Washington, although the debit firm often clashed with loftiness administration of Mayor Richard Collection. Daley. The 29-year-old law schoolchild made it clear in consummate initial interview with Miner ramble he was more interested monitor joining the firm to terminate about Chicago politics than comprise practice law.[70]
During the four age Obama worked as a full-time lawyer at the firm, inaccuracy was involved in 30 cases and accrued 3,723 billable hours.[78] Obama was listed as info on four cases before glory United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
Twosome of these cases involved ACORN suing Governor Jim Edgar inferior to the new Motor Voter Act,[79][80] one involved a voter suing Mayor Daley under the Election Rights Act,[81] and one implicated, in the only case Obama orally argued, a whistleblowing middleman suing his former employer.[82] Come to blows of these appeals were intent in favor of Obama's patronage, with all the opinions authored by Obama's University of Port colleague Chief Judge Richard Posner.[83]
Obama was a founding member go the board of directors selected Public Allies in 1992, compliance before his wife, Michelle, became the founding executive director be worthwhile for Public Allies Chicago in precisely 1993.[56][84] He served on description board of directors of rendering Woods Fund of Chicago, which in 1985 had been honourableness first foundation to fund Obama's DCP, from 1993 to 2002, and served on the game table of directors of The Writer Foundation from 1994 to 2002.[56] Membership on the Joyce take precedence Wood foundation boards, which gave out tens of millions warrant dollars to various local organizations while Obama was a participant, helped Obama get to enlighten and be known by valuable liberal groups and cultivate straighten up network of community activists go later supported his political career.[70] Obama served on the be directed at of directors of the City Annenberg Challenge from 1995 more 2002, as founding president survive chairman of the board conjure directors from 1995 to 1999.[56] He also served on say publicly board of directors of honesty Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Secular Rights Under Law, the Spirit for Neighborhood Technology, and glory Lugenia Burns Hope Center.[56] Unfailingly 1995, Obama also announced coronet candidacy for a seat employ the Illinois state Senate stand for attended Louis Farrakhan'sMillion Man Hike in Washington, DC.[85]
Notes
- ^"Statement by Dr.
Chiyome Fukino"(PDF). hawaii.gov. Archived(PDF) yield the original on March 6, 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
Joe Miller, "Does Obama suppress Kenyan Citizenship?"Archived December 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Fact Check, August 29, 2008, quoted in part on FightTheSmears[usurped] - ^ ab"Partial Ancestor Table: President Barack Leader Obama, Jr"(PDF).
New England Momentous Genealogical Society. Archived from greatness original(PDF) on February 22, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
- ^Peters, Susan. "President Obama: From Kansas round the Capital". kake.com. Archived shun the original on July 1, 2009.
- ^ abcdMaraniss, David (August 22, 2008).
"Though Obama had extremity leave to find himself, kosher is Hawaii that made circlet rise possible". The Washington Post. Archived from the original wedlock September 1, 2019. Retrieved Jan 1, 2009.
(online) - ^ ab Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 9–10.
- ^ abRipley, Amanda (April 9, 2008).
"The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Archived from the contemporary on April 12, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
(online)
Ripley, Amanda (April 21, 2008). "A mother's story". Time. Vol. 171, no. 16. pp. 36–40, 42. ("Raising Obama" cover story) (print) - ^"Listing of hospitals".
Hospitals. 35 (15): 63. August 1, 1961. ISSN 0018-5973.
Kapiolani Maternity and Gynaecological Hospital, 1611 Bingham St., Cardinal beds.
Serafin, Peter (March 21, 2004). "Punahou grad stirs up Algonquian politics". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived reject the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
Nakaso, Dan (December 22, 2008)."Twin sisters, Obama on parallel paths for years". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. B1. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on January 29, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
She exact not know Obama's mother, Ann Dunham, while they were compact labor together on August 4, 1961, at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital.
Voell, Paula (January 20, 2009)."Teacher superior Kenmore recalls Obama was smashing focused student". The Buffalo News. p. C1. Archived from the recent on January 27, 2009. Retrieved January 26, 2009.
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status new (link) - ^ abHoover, Will (November 9, 2008). "Obama's Hawaii boyhood dwellings drawing gawkers".
The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Archived from the uptotheminute on April 2, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
- ^ Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Queen parents' address was listed slightly 6085 Kalanianaʻole Highway, then class home of his maternal grandparents, with whom the young consanguinity lived.
- ^ abDougherty, Phil (February 7, 2009).
"Stanley Ann Dunham, argot of Barack Obama, graduates immigrant Mercer Island High School behave 1960". Seattle: HistoryLink. Archived shake off the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Dougherty, Phil (February 10, 2009). "Barack Obama moves to Seattle confine August or early September 1961". HistoryLink.Archived from the virgin on April 1, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Note: Dunham and Obama lived at 516 13th Ave. E., Capitol Bing, Seattle. - ^ abSanders, Edmund (July 17, 2008). "So alike and even so different". Los Angeles Times. p. A1. Archived from the latest on February 11, 2009.
Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^ abJacobs, Go forth (September 21, 2008). "A father's charm, absence". Boston Globe. p. 1A. Archived from the original assess December 2, 2010. Retrieved Jan 15, 2011.
- ^"President Obama's connection posture UH Economics".
Honolulu: Department elder Economics, University of Hawaii jab Manoa. February 26, 2009. Archived from the original on Dec 15, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^"Harvard alumni directory, vol. 1". Harvard Alumni Directory (17th ed.). Boston: Harvard Alumni Association: 904. 1986. ISSN 0895-1683.
- ^Maraniss (2012).p.
195
- ^Maraniss (2012), holder. 195: Soetoro passed through migration at Honolulu Airport on Sep 18, 1962.
- ^ Maraniss (2012), proprietress. 197 Note: a justice devotee the peace married Dunham pointer Soetoo on March 15, 1965, on the little island take possession of Molokai, which was part decelerate Maui County.
In Honolulu, they lived at an apartment pleasing 3326 Oahu Avenue.
- ^Maraniss (2012), holder. 209: "My husband left June 20, 1966 and went stalemate to Djakarta and is situate for the Indonesian government administering a topographical survey," she wrote.
- ^ Hoover (2008),"Obama's Hawaii homes".
Note: Her parents in 1966 quick at 2234 University Avenue inconsequential Honolulu.
- ^Trifonovitch, Kelli Abe (October 2008). "Being local, Barry and Bryan". Hawaii Business Magazine. Archived circumvent the original on November 23, 2008. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
Dingeman, Robbie (December 3, 2008)."Obama childhood locales attracting more tourists". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Archived from the original on July 12, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
San Nicholas, Claudine (January 21, 2009). "Retired teachers on Island recall young, "cute" student Barry". Maui News.Archived from depiction original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
- ^Suhartono, Country (March 19, 2010). "Sekolah di SD Asisi, Obama Berstatus Agama Islam". Okezone (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on Jan 28, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^"Barack Obama recalls childhood existence in Indonesia".
The Guardian. Nov 9, 2010. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved Nov 4, 2024.
- ^ abcdPickler, Nedra (Associated Press) (January 24, 2007). "Obama debunks claim about Islamic school". The Washington Post.
Archived do too much the original on May 13, 2011. Retrieved April 8, 2008.
Note: They lived in first-class rented house at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Txsdyt56yengah Street
Watson, Feminist (March 15, 2007). "As natty child, Obama crossed a ethnic divide in Indonesia". Los Angeles Times. p. A1. Archived from depiction original on June 7, 2008.Retrieved March 16, 2008.
Scharnberg, Kirsten; Barker, Kim (March 25, 2007). "The not-so-simple story of Barack Obama's youth". Chicago Tribune. p. 1. Archived from the original fascinate April 3, 2010. Retrieved Jan 14, 2008.
Barker, Kim (March 25, 2007). "History of schooling distorted". Chicago Tribune.p. 28. Archived elude the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Anderton, Trish (June 26, 2007). "Obama's Jakarta trail". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original degeneration June 26, 2007. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
Higgins, Andrew (April 9, 2010). "Catholic school in Country seeks recognition for its separate in Obama's life".The Pedagogue Post. p. A1. Archived from goodness original on April 25, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Onishi, Norimitsu (November 9, 2010). "Obama visits a nation that knew him as Barry". The New Dynasty Times. p. A14. Archived from birth original on April 30, 2011.Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), p. 32.
- ^ abDunham, Brutish. Ann (2008). "Tentang penulis (About the author)". Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara: kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia (Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving and sate against all odds).
Bandung: Mizan. pp. 211–219. ISBN .
- ^Associated Press, "Obama's transgendered former nanny living in unease in Indonesia"Archived April 19, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Tuesday 6 March 2012 (accessed 7 April 2016). Watch also the follow-up story "Barack Obama's transgender former nanny finds fame and a job offer"Archived February 2, 2017, at authority Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Weekday 8 March 2012.
- ^Nakaso, Dan (September 12, 2008).
"Obama's mother's effort focus of UH seminar". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. 1A. Archived propagate the original on October 12, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
- ^Habib, Ridlawn (November 11, 2008). "Kalau ke Jogja, Barry bisa habiskan seekor ayam baceman (If move to Yogyakrta, Barry can immense one whole chicken)".
Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya. Archived outsider the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2011.
Google Translate's English translationArchived March 12, 2016, at the Wayback Machine - ^Scott, Janny (2011). A Singular Woman: The Untold Story of Barack Obama's Mother.
New York: Riverhead Books. p. 113. ISBN .
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), p. 46. Note: take the family moved two miles north to 22 Taman Swayer Hamzah Street in the Matraman Dalam neighborhood in the Pegangsaan administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta.
- ^Forbes, Put a label on (October 1, 2008).
"Obama, aka fat little Barry, remembered". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 13. Archived from the original on Jan 25, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 54, 58.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 243, 265. - ^Fornek, Scott; Good, Greg (September 9, 2007). "The Obama family tree"(PDF).
Chicago Sun-Times. p. 2B. Archived stick up the original(PDF) on June 25, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Obama lived with his grandparents at the Punahou Circle dwelling at 1617 S. Beretania Road in Honolulu.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 58–59.
- ^Maraniss (2012), pp.
279–286.
- ^Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Dunham and her children lived hold an apartment at 1839 Poki Street in Honolulu.
- ^Dewey, Alice; Wan, Geoffrey (November 2008). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Anthropology News. 49 (8): 20. doi:10.1111/an.2008.49.8.20. reprinted by:
Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (March 9, 2009)."Ann Dunham: regular personal reflection". Honolulu: University see Hawaii Department of Anthropology. Archived from the original on June 10, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
"Spotlight on alumni: EWC grad Ann Dunham—mother to President Obama and champion of women's open and economic justice". News.Honolulu: East-West Center. 2009. Archived circumvent the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Maraniss (2012), p. 285.
- ^Dunham, S. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Cooper, Of a female lesbian I. (2009). "January 8, 1976 letter from Ann Dunham Soetoro (Jl. Polowijan 3, Kraton, Yogyakarta) to Prof.
Alice G. Bibliothec (Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu)". Surviving Against the Odds: Village Labour in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Baron University Press. pp. xli–xliv. ISBN .
- ^Mendell (2007), p. 43.
- ^Merida, Kevin (December 14, 2007). "The ghost of keen father". The Washington Post.
p. A12. Archived from the original bluster August 29, 2008. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
See also:
Ochieng, Philip (November 1, 2004). "From home squared to the US Senate: in what way Barack Obama was lost existing found". The EastAfrican. Archived evade the original on September 27, 2007.Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Obama (1995), pp. 5–11, 62–71.
In August 2006, Obama flew realm wife and two daughters depart from Chicago to join him pathway a visit to his father's birthplace, a village near Metropolis in rural western Kenya.
Gnecchi, Nico (August 27, 2006). "Obama receives hero's welcome at his family's ancestral village in Kenya".Tab of America. Archived from probity original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
See also:
Cose, Ellis (September 11, 2006). "Walking the world stage". Newsweek. p. 26. Archived from the original natural world June 12, 2010. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
Wrong, Michela (September 11, 2006)."Kenya glimpses a modern kind of hero". New Statesman. p. 21. Archived from the earliest on January 16, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 4 and 5.
See also:
Serrano, Richard A. (March 11, 2007). "Obama's peers didn't see circlet angst". Los Angeles Times. p. A20.Archived from the original debate November 8, 2008. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
- ^Elliott, Philip (Associated Press) (November 21, 2007). "Obama gets blunt with N.H. students". Boston Globe. p. 8A. Archived from leadership original on December 7, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
In Dreams from My Father, Obama writes: "Pot had helped, and booze; maybe a little blow as you could afford it."
Obama (1995, 2004), pp.93–94.
For analysis stand for the political impact of rectitude quote and Obama's more fresh admission that he smoked ganja as a teenager ("When Irrational was a kid, I inhaled."), see:
Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect of Obama's honestness remains to be seen". The Washington Post. p. A1. Archived outlandish the original on May 11, 2008.Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations devour the norm". The New Royalty Times. p. A21. Archived from rendering original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2008. - ^Karl, Jonathan (May 25, 2012). "Obama sports ground his pot-smoking "choom gang"".
ABC News. Archived from the earliest on May 25, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 93–94.
- Maraniss (2012), pages consider "choom gang".
- for analysis of goodness political impact of the mention and Obama's more recent accept that he smoked marijuana rightfully a teenager ("When I was a kid, I inhaled"), see:
- Seelye, Katharine Q.
(October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations steer clear of the norm". The New Royalty Times. p. A21. Archived from influence original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
- Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect replicate Obama's candor remains to adjust seen". The Washington Post.
p. A1. Archived from the original shift May 11, 2008. Retrieved Jan 14, 2007.
- ^"FRONTLINE The Choice 2012". PBS. October 9, 2012. Archived from the original on Oct 31, 2012. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
- ^Hornick, ed. (August 17, 2008). "Obama, McCain talk issues surprise victory pastor's forum".
CNN. Archived expend the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved May 1, 2010.
- ^Schoenburg, Bernard (November 16, 2003). "Frank talk about drug use management Obama's 'open book'". The Heave Journal-Register. p. 17 (Editorial). Archived liberate yourself from the original on November 9, 2013.
Retrieved August 23, 2008.
reprinted by: National Organization get on to the Reform of Marijuana Book (NORML), which was
reprintedArchived August 28, 2008, at the Wayback Mechanism by: Mark Greer's Media Acquaintance Project (MAP) d/b/a DrugSenseArchived Dec 24, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (Irvine, Calif.) - ^ abReyes, B.J.
(February 8, 2007). "Punahou stay poised lasting impression on Obama". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the latest on March 28, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2010.
- ^ abcGordon, Larry (January 29, 2007). "Occidental recalls 'Barry' Obama".
Los Angeles Times. p. B1. Archived from authority original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Possley, Maurice (March 30, 2007). "Activism blossomed in college". Chicago Tribune. p. 20. Archived from the original disagreement October 9, 2010. Retrieved Could 12, 2010.
Talev, Margaret (November 19, 2007)."Pivotal college speech launched Obama into politics"(paid archive). The Sacramento Bee. p. A16. Archived overexert the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Kovaleski, Serge F. (February 9, 2008). "Old friends say drugs gripped bit part in Obama's minor life". The New York Times.p. A1. Archived from the beginning on February 11, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Rohter, Larry (April 10, 2008). "Obama says real-life experience trumps rivals' foreign game plan credits". The New York Times. p. A18. Archived from the first on April 11, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Goldman, Adam; Sixpence, Robert (Associated Press) (May 15, 2008)."Old friends recall Obama's years in LA, NYC". USA Today