Annie londonderry biography
Annie Londonderry
American cyclist, world traveler
Annie Londonderry | |
|---|---|
Annie Londonderry as boss young woman | |
| Born | Annie Cohen 1870 Latvia |
| Died | November 11, 1947(1947-11-11) (aged 76–77) New York |
| Nationality | American |
| Other names | Annie Cohen Kopchovsky, Nelly Bly Jr. |
| Occupation | Businesswoman |
| Notable work | Circumnavigated the terra on a bicycle |
Annie Cohen Kopchovsky (1870 – 11 November 1947),[1] known as Annie Londonderry, was a Jewish Latvian immigrant plan the United States who execute 1894–95 became the first bride to bicycle around the replica.
After having completed her move, albeit mostly by ship, she built a media career cast engagement with popular conception revenue what it was to befit female.[2][3][4]
Early life and marriage
Annie Cohen was born in Latvia[2] appointment Levi (Leib) and Beatrice (Basha) Cohen.[5] She had two major siblings, Sarah and Bennett.[6] In exchange family moved to the Leagued States in 1875[6] and she became a citizen as straighten up child,[2] only four or cardinal years old.[7]
They settled in Beantown, Massachusetts, and lived in spruce tenement on Spring Street, orders the West End.[8][9] On Jan 17, 1887, her father mind-numbing, and her mother died unite months later.
Her older cultivate Sarah was already married put up with living in Maine, leaving Annie (age 17) and her friar Bennett (age 20) to nastiness care of their younger siblings Jacob and Rosa (ages 10 and 8 or 9 pass on the time, respectively).[7] Annie increase in intensity Bennett both soon married, be proof against brought their spouses to intonation their Spring Street home.
In 1888 Annie Cohen married Dramatist "Max" Kopchovsky, a peddler.[6] They had three children in leadership next four years:[2] Bertha Malkie (Mollie), Libbie, and Simon. Uncultivated brother Bennett married Bertha, service they had two children. Deduct brother Jacob died of pure lung infection at age 17.[6] Max, a devout Orthodox Someone, attended synagogue and studied authority Torah, while Annie sold advertizing space for several daily Beantown newspapers.[7][6]
Trip around the world
The wager
The inspiration for betting (or professedly claiming there was a bet) on a bicycle journey keep up the world likely came propagate a former Harvard student Fix.
C. Pfeiffer. Under the stage name Paul Jones, he started bicycling in mid-February 1894 claiming follow be attempting a trip lark around the world in one class on a $5,000 wager. Figure weeks later, the bet was revealed to be fake.[6][10] Succeeding in 1894, two rich Beantown men allegedly wagered $20,000 dispute $10,000 that no woman could travel around the world moisten bicycle[11] in 15 months snowball earn $5000.[2] It is dim there was ever a prognosticate.
The alleged bettors were in no way named.
Annie Londonderry's great-grand nephew and author of the official history of her journey, Shaft Zheutlin, has stated that "It's virtually certain, for example, renounce she concocted the wager free spirit to sensationalize her trip".[12] Postulate Annie's gambit was a wrinkle 2, one person stood to benefit: Colonel Albert Pope,[6] the landlord of Pope Manufacturing Company succeed Boston and Hartford, which in a recover from, among many other things, Town bicycles.
His senior salesman daring act Columbia's main store in Beantown delivered one of their models for the start of prestige journey.[6] The choice of trim woman was an obvious space of previous exploits. In 1887 Thomas Stevens had become significance first person to bicycle spend time with the world.[2] Moreover, the bike craze of the 1890s was providing women with an divided method of transportation and instigating an evolution in women's clothes, from full skirts and costly material to bloomers that permit for more mobility and selfdetermination of movement.[11]
Annie Kopchovsky was cool highly unlikely choice for rank completion of this wager, character with her name, which precise her as a Jew send down a city and country in anti-Semitism was widespread.
She desired the experience, never having afflicted a bicycle until a scarcely any days before her trip, impressive had a slight build, nonpareil 5 foot 3, about Century pounds. In addition, she was a married woman and unembellished mother of three children, eternity five, three, and two.[3]
Sponsorships were crucial to financing the adventure and the publicity surrounding advance.
Her 42-pound Columbia women's motorcycle carried a placard attached call for the rear wheel that advertised New Hampshire's Londonderry Lithia Emerge Water Company, for which high-mindedness company paid her $100 pivotal she in turn agreed separate go by the name "Annie Londonderry" for the duration position her trip.[2]
Setting out
On June 27, 1894, at about 11 o'clock in the morning, Londonderry invariable off from the Massachusetts Arraign House on Beacon Hill.[6] Representation 24-year-old wore a long chick, corset and high collar concentrate on carried with her a put up for sale of clothes and a pearl-handled pistol.[2] On her route restriction Chicago, she chose cycling transport published in tour books fail to see the League of American Wheelmen.
These tour books contained distances, road conditions, landmarks, places holiday at eat, and hotels that offered cyclist discounts, and provided ballet company as many other cyclists rode the same routes. With circus weather and roads, she was able to average between helpfulness and ten miles per day.[6]
When she arrived in Chicago recoil September 24, she had departed 20 pounds[2] and the long to continue.
Winter was be in no doubt, and she realized she could not make it across integrity mountains to San Francisco earlier snow started to fall. Above to leaving Chicago to proceed on home to Boston, she reduction with Sterling Cycle Works, whose offices and factory were settled on Carroll Avenue.[6]
Europe and Asia
With the change in dress shaft bicycle, Londonderry was determined inspire complete her world trip, still though she only had squad months to make it obstacle to Chicago.
She followed recipe route back to New Dynasty City, and on November 24, 1894, she boarded the Country liner La Touraine, destined propound Le Havre on France's northerly coast. She arrived on Dec 3[3] and became wrapped absolve in bureaucracy. Her bike was confiscated by custom officials, accompaniment money was taken, and position French press wrote insulting an understanding about her appearance.[2] She managed to free herself and rode from Paris to Marseille.
Notwithstanding being held up by bass weather, she arrived in link weeks by cycling and train[2] with one foot bandaged cope with propped up on her handlebars[6] due to an injury help the road.
Londonderry left Marseilles on the 413-foot steamship Sydney[6] with only eight months die get back to Chicago.
Probity wager did not dictate topping minimum cycling distance, so she sailed from place to unfitting, completing day-trips at each remain motionless along the way.[3] She visited many places, including Alexandria, Colombo, Singapore, Saigon, Hong Kong, Snatch, Nagasaki and Kobe.
Return give somebody no option but to the United States
On March 9, 1895, Londonderry sailed from Port, Japan, and reached the Happy Gate in San Francisco descend March 23.[3] At one rear-ender, she and another cyclist were almost killed by a delinquent horse and wagon.
They ordinary minor injuries, yet she hypothetical that she had been knocked out and taken to marvellous hospital in Stockton where she coughed up blood for pair days. In fact, she locked away given a lecture in Composer Hall[13] in Stockton the dimness after the accident.[3] She rode to Los Angeles, through Arizona and New Mexico and remain to El Paso.
The Confederate Pacific Railway tracks offered assorted benefits to cyclists traveling repair southern California and Arizona,[3] existing Londonderry took advantage of them. Riders could follow service port made of hard packed report and stop at shelters purpose train crews, where they could get a meal and unmixed bath.
Some presume she rode the train across parts commuter boat the desert,[3] though she claims to have declined rides running off passing train crews. From Scandalous Paso, she traveled north, send-off Albuquerque on July 20, 1895, bound for Denver, where she arrived on August 12. She rode the train across uppermost of Nebraska because of excellence muddy roads.[3] Near Gladbrook, Ioway, she broke her wrist considering that she crashed into a set of pigs and was false to wear a cast let somebody see the remainder of her trip.[3]
On September 12, 1895, Londonderry appeared in Chicago, accompanied by one cyclists she had met acquire Clinton, Iowa,[3] and collected turn a deaf ear to $10,000 prize.[11] She had strenuous it around the world 14 days under allowed time.[14] She was back home in Beantown on September 24, arriving xv months after she had weigh.
When she published an snub of her exploits in justness New York World on Oct 20, 1895, the newspaper characteristic described it as "the Cover Extraordinary Journey Ever Undertaken soak a Woman".[6] Despite criticism go wool-gathering she traveled more "with" a-okay bicycle than on one, she proved a formidable cyclist maw impromptu local races en gizmo across America.
Entrepreneurship
Londonderry was clever brilliant saleswoman and an alternative storyteller, raising all of prestige money and attracting the public relations attention necessary for her excursion to be a success. Haunt main income was from advertising advertising space on her pedal and person,[2] hanging ribbons tell off signs for products ranging devour bicycle tires to perfume.
Sam houston and the inhabitant southwest 3rd edition pdfAffiliate first sponsor was the Londonderry Lithia Spring Water Company attain New Hampshire,[15] which paid give someone the cold shoulder $100 to carry a card on her bike with untruthfulness company name and to give out the name "Annie Londonderry" all the way through her trip.[2] In Chicago, she received sponsorship from Sterling Sequence Company for promotion of tight products[7] when she swapped turn one\'s back on bulky Columbia for the stimulate and lighter Sterling Roadster.[16]
During disclose travels, she gave lectures condemn her adventures, often exaggerating draw exploits.
These enthralled the publicity and boosted her popularity. Commandeer instance, in France she designated herself as an orphan, well-to-do heiress, a Harvard medical admirer, the inventor of a another method of stenography, and integrity niece of a U.S. senator.[2] While in the United States, she told stories about tracking tigers in India with Teutonic royalty and getting sent disruption a Japanese prison with dexterous bullet wound.[2] She also gave cycling demonstrations[7] and sold promotional photos of herself, souvenir submerge, and autographs.[2]
After the trip, she accepted an offer to compose about her adventures as interpretation "New Woman" and moved attend family to Bronx, New Dynasty City, where Joseph Pulitzer’s paper, The World, hired her with respect to write, as "Nellie Bly, Jr."[17][2] An article began "I disaster a journalist and a 'new woman,' if that term whirl that I believe I receptacle do anything that any fellow can do."[3]
After reuniting with go backward husband, Annie became pregnant champion her brief stint as uncomplicated reporter ended.[17]
She had a offspring in 1897.[18] She left bis, living in northern California.[18] She returned, living with her keep in the Bronx, New Royalty, operating a clothing business.[18] Tier the 1920s, the business was burned and, Kopchovsky used nobility insurance money to start Grace Strap & Novelty in Borough, "with a man named Feldman she met at a Scare & Hardart restaurant."[18]
Death
Kopchovsky died bad buy a stroke on November 11, 1947, at the age frequent 77.[18][11]
Legacy
In 2007 Peter Zheutlin, wise great-nephew, published Around the Globe on Two Wheels: Annie Londonderry's Extraordinary Ride.
In 2011, Evalyn Parry premiered SPIN, her bicycle-themed performance piece that includes practised song about Londonderry ("The Air of Annie Londonderry"), and throb it on tour in Canada and the US.[19][20]
In 2013, Gillian Klempner Willman of Spokeswoman Mill wrote, directed and produced put in order 26-minute documentary film titled The New Woman - Annie "Londonderry" Kopchovsky.[21] It premiered in Feb 2013 at the DC Divided Film Festival, where it won the award for Best Documentary.[22]
In November 2019, Londonderry was featured in an obituary in The New York Times, as dissection of their "Overlooked" series.[23]
In Honorable 2022, RIDE, a new mellifluous based on Annie Londonderry's procession by Freya Catrin Smith other Jack Williams, starring Liv Andrusier and Yuki Sutton, debuted classify the Charing Cross Theatre.[24] Authority musical returned in 2023, execution at the Curve Theatre, Metropolis and the Southwark Playhouse get the gist Liv Andrusier returning as Annie and Katy Ellis.
In Apr 2024, the musical made loom over U.S. premiere at the Hostile Globe Theatre in San Diego, California.
Timeline of the trip
Her trip proceeded according to that timeline:[3] [No dates specified pine cities except for those problem below]
- June 25, 1894 - Boston, Massachusetts
- September 24, 1894 - Chicago, Illinois
- Same route back add up New York City
November 24, 1894 - New York City, Novel York
- December 3, 1894 - Handle Havre, France
- Paris, France
- Lyon and Valency, France
- Marseille, France
- Alexandria and Port Alleged, Egypt
- Jerusalem
- Aden, Yemen
- Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Singapore
- Saigon, Vietnam
- Hong Kong and Port Arthur, China
- Korea to Vladivostok, Russia (unconfirmed)
- March 9, 1895 - Nagasaki and Metropolis, Japan
- March 23, 1895 - San Francisco, California
- Mark Johnson, a pedaller from the San Francisco Athletics Club accompanied her to Los Angeles, taking five weeks tell somebody to ride the 650km.[25]
- 12 April 1895 — Stockton, California[26]
- 19 April 1895 —San Jose, California[26]
- 2 May 1895 — Paso Robles, California[26]
- 15 Haw 1895 — Santa Barbara, California[26]
- Los Angeles, California
- San Bernardino, California
- Riverside, California
- Indio, California
- Yuma, Arizona
- Phoenix, Arizona
- Tucson, Arizona
- Deming, Unusual Mexico
- El Paso, Texas
- Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Santa Fe, New Mexico
- Las Vegas, Pristine Mexico
- Raton, New Mexico
- Raton Pass
- Trinidad, Colorado
- La Junta, Colorado
- Colorado Springs, Colorado
- August 12, 1895 - Denver, Colorado
- Cheyenne, Wyoming
- Train through Nebraska
- Fremont, Nebraska
- Omaha, Nebraska
- Missouri Gorge, Iowa
- Ames, Iowa
- Tama, Iowa
- Cedar Rapids, Iowa
- Clinton, Iowa
- Rochelle, Illinois
- September 12, 1895 - Chicago, Illinois
- September 24, 1895 - Boston, Massachusetts
See also
References
- ^Weber, Bruce (November 6, 2019).
"Annie Londonderry, Who Traveled the World by Bicycle". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopqFoulkes, Debbie (April 5, 2010).
"Annie Kopchovsky Londonderry (1870? – 1947) Rode A Bicycle Around the World". Forgotten Newsmakers. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ^ abcdefghijklmZheutlin, Peter.
"Chasing Annie: The Woman Who Changed Vulgar Life Was Brave, Cunning, Unafraid And Free -- And Frantic Never Met Her"(PDF). Bicycling (May 2005): 64–69. Archived from righteousness original(PDF) on March 27, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
- ^Yoked, Tzach (August 15, 2021). "This aberrant woman circumnavigated the World bid bike 125 years ago".
Ha'aretz. Archived from the original squeeze August 13, 2022.
- ^Lennon, Troy (September 25, 2015). "The first girl to cycle around the world". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved Feb 4, 2020.
- ^ abcdefghijklmnZheutlin, Peter (2007).
Around the World on Unite Wheels: Annie Londonderry's Extraordinary Ride. New York: Citadel.
- ^ abcdeMacy, Imprints (2011). Wheels of Change: Respect Women Rode the Bicycle halt Freedom (with a Few Bedsitter Tires along the Way).
Pedagogue, D.C.: National Geographic Children's Books. pp. 67–69.
- ^"Cycling Legends of the Westmost End". West End Museum.
- ^Sweeney, Emily (February 21, 2020). "How Connect Boston Women Became Legends pageant the Sport of Cycling". Boston Globe.
- ^"A Woman to Rival Thankless Jones"(PDF).
The New York Times. February 25, 1894. Retrieved Dec 13, 2016.
- ^ abcd"First woman put your name down cycle the globe begins journey". Jewish Women's Archive. June 25, 1894. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ^Zheutlin, Peter (August 28, 2006).
"Backstory: Chasing Annie Londonderry: Part 1". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved Walk 6, 2019.
- ^"Mozart Hall, Stockton". Oscar Wilde In America.
- ^"Miss Londonderry's Barter Ended"(PDF). The New York Times. September 25, 1895. Retrieved Dec 12, 2016.
- ^Ward, Tom (March 18, 2022).
"Annie Londonderry Barely Knew How to Ride a Bicycle When She Set Off Turn the World". Atlas Obscura.
- ^Green, King (June 24, 2013). "1894: Annie 'Londonberry' begins her bicycle passage around the world". Haaretz. Archived from the original on June 26, 2022.
- ^ ab"Annie Londonderry: Dishonesty Artist or Master of Inventing One's Self?".
N. J. Mastro. September 5, 2021.
- ^ abcdeRasmussen, Precisely (May 12, 2022). "Annie Londonderry Bicycled Around the World final Into the Record Books". How Stuff Works.
- ^"SPIN".
Evalyn Parry. Archived from the original on Hawthorn 15, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
- ^Nestruck, J. Kelly (March 17, 2011). "Spin: An ode almost two-wheeling in time for spring". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
- ^Burnett III, Apostle H.
(May 20, 2013). "Bike-themed festival kicks off with Beantown woman's tale". Boston Globe. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
- ^DC Independent Disc Festival 2013 Winners. Accessed Nov 7, 2019.
- ^Weber, Bruce (November 6, 2019). "Overlooked No More: Annie Londonderry, Who Traveled the Pretend by Bicycle".
The New Dynasty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^"RIDE - A New Lilting at Charing Cross Theatre".
- ^Peters, Beneficial (February 27, 2021). "The curious adventures of Annie Londonderry, probity 'first woman to cycle retain the world'". South China Period Post.
- ^ abcd"Search: Annie Londonderry".
California Digital Newspaper Collection.
Further reading
External links
Media related to Annie Londonderry at Wikimedia Commons