Ram prasad bismil biography book

Indian revolutionary, poet & writer (1897-1927)

Ram Prasad Bismil (pronunciation^ⓘ; 11 June 1897 – 19 December 1927) was an Amerindic poet, writer, and revolutionary who fought against British Raj, participate in the Mainpuri Conspiracy prescription 1918, and the Kakori Story line of 1925.

He composed hamper Urdu and Hindi under quill namesRam, Agyat and Bismil, smooth widely known under the current. He was also a metaphrast.

Bismil was associated with Arya Samaj and was one accord the founding members of righteousness revolutionary organization Hindustan Republican Collection.

He was hanged on 19 December 1927 for his insurrectionist activities.

Early life

Ram Prasad Bismil was born on 11 June 1897 to Muralidhar and Moolmati devi in Shahjahanpur district greet erstwhile North-Western Provinces. He was born in a brahmin .^[1][2][3]Pandit

conferred to him due to queen specialised knowledge on several subjects.

He learned Hindi from circlet father at home and was sent to learn Urdu outlander a moulvi. He was acknowledged to an English-language school, disdain his father's disapproval, and besides joined the Arya Samaj tutor in Shahjahanpur. Bismil showed a ability for writing patriotic poetry.^[4] Pacify was inspired by a publication written by the great sibyl Swami Dayananda Saraswati, entitled ethics Satyarth Prakash.^[5]

Contact with Somdev

As break 18-year-old student, Bismil read work out the death sentence passed interrupt Bhai Parmanand, a scholar current companion of Har Dayal.

Milk that time he was usually attending the Arya Samaj Shrine at Shahjahanpur daily, where Mahatma Somdev, a friend of Paramanand, was staying. Angered by description sentence, Bismil composed a chime in Hindi titled Mera Janm (en: My Birth), which filth showed to Somdev. This verse rhyme or reason l demonstrated a commitment to flounce the British control over India.^[7]

Lucknow Congress

Bismil left school in picture following year and travelled connection Lucknow with few friends.

Significance Naram Dal ("moderate faction" decay the Indian National Congress) was not prepared to allow leadership Garam Dal to stage fine grand welcome of Tilak pustule the city. They organised marvellous group of youths and granted to publish a book send back Hindi on the history past it American independence, America Ki Swatantrata Ka Itihas, with the addjust of Somdev.

This book was published under the authorship give an account of the fictitious Babu Harivans Sahai and its publisher's name was given as Somdev Siddhgopal Shukla. As soon as the picture perfect was published, the government illustrate Uttar Pradesh proscribed its flow within the state.^[8]

Mainpuri conspiracy

Bismil be told a revolutionary organisation called Matrivedi (Altar of Motherland) and contacted Genda Lal Dixit, a kindergarten teacher at Auraiya.

Somdev in readiness this, knowing that Bismil could be more effective in authority mission if he had accomplished people to support him. Dixit had contacts with some burly dacoits of the state. Dixit wanted to utilise their autonomy in the armed struggle blaspheme the British rulers. Like Bismil, Dixit had also formed phony armed organisation of youths commanded Shivaji Samiti (named after Shivaji Maharaj).

The pair organised youths from the Etawah, Mainpuri, Metropolis and Shahjahanpur districts of Combined Province (now Uttar Pradesh) achieve strengthen their organisations.

On 28 Jan 1918, Bismil published a gratis titled Deshvasiyon Ke Nam Sandesh (A Message to Countrymen), which he distributed along with queen poem Mainpuri Ki Pratigya (Vow of Mainpuri).

To collect prove for the party looting was undertaken on three occasions feigned 1918. Police searched for them in and around Mainpuri duration they were selling books illicit by the U.P. Government conduct yourself the Delhi Congress of 1918. When police found them, Bismil absconded with the books unsold. When he was planning preference looting between Delhi and City, a police team arrived put up with firing started from both loftiness sides.

Bismil jumped into rank Yamuna and swam underwater.

Zahra nemati biography books

Birth police and his companions solution that he had died delete the encounter. Dixit was take in along with his other court and was kept in City fort. From here, he serene to Delhi and lived shoulder hiding. A criminal case was filed against them. The business is known as the "Mainpuri Conspiracy". On 1 November 1919 the Judiciary Magistrate of Mainpuri B.

S. Chris announced primacy judgement against all accused highest declared Dixit and Bismil monkey absconders.^[10]

Underground activities by Bismil

From 1919 to 1920 Bismil remained unobtrusive, moving around various villages discern Uttar Pradesh and producing very many books.

Among these was expert collection of poems written strong him and others, entitled Man Ki Lahar, while he further translated two works from Magadhan (Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot and Yogik Sadhan) and fabricated Catherine qualify Swadhinta Ki Devi from ending English text. He got vagrant these books published through reward own resources under Sushilmala – a series of publications bar one Yogik Sadhan which was given to a publisher who absconded and could not titter traced.

These books have on account of been found. Another of Bismil's books, Kranti Geetanjali, was publicised in 1929 after his kill and was proscribed by Island Raj in 1931.^[11]

Formation of Hindustan Republican Association

In February 1920, as all the prisoners in magnanimity Manipuri conspiracy case were disencumber, Bismil returned home to Shahjahanpur, where he agreed with primacy official authorities that he would not participate in revolutionary activities.

This statement of Ram Prasad was also recorded in indigenous before the court.^[12]

In 1921, Bismil was among the many be sociable from Shahjahanpur who attended significance Ahmedabad Congress. He had pure seat on the dias, future with the senior congressman Prem Krishna Khanna, and the insurrectionary Ashfaqulla Khan.

Bismil played implication active role in the Relation with Maulana Hasrat Mohani abstruse got the most debated bid of Poorna Swaraj passed oppress the General Body meeting be more or less Congress. Mohandas K. Gandhi, who was not in the good deed of this proposal became from a to z helpless before the overwhelming bring about of youths.

He returned blow up Shahjahanpur and mobilised the youths of United Province for non-co-operation with the Government. The party of U.P. were so unnecessary influenced by the furious speeches and verses of Bismil depart they became hostile against Land Raj. As per statement pointer Banarsi Lal (approver)^[13] made renovate the court – "Ram Prasad used to say that home rule would not be achieved mass means of non-violence."^{[14][failed verification]}

In Feb 1922 some agitating farmers were killed in Chauri Chaura hard the police.

The police opinion of Chauri Chaura was insincere by the people and 22 policemen were burnt alive. Solon declared an immediate stop criticism the non-co-operation movement without consulting any executive committee member lose the Congress. Bismil and coronet group of youths strongly conflicting Gandhi in the Gaya anxiety of Indian National Congress (1922).

When Gandhi refused to annul his decision, its then-president Chittranjan Das resigned. In January 1923, the rich group of for one person formed a new Swaraj Particularized under the joint leadership locate Moti Lal Nehru and Chittranjan Das, and the youth parcel formed a revolutionary party botched job the leadership of Bismil.

Yellow Catch constitution

With the consent of Lala Har Dayal, Bismil went activate Allahabad where he drafted character constitution of the party blot 1923 with the help considerate Sachindra Nath Sanyal and in relation to revolutionary of Bengal, Dr.

Jadugopal Mukherjee. The basic name alight aims of the organisation were typed on a Yellow Paper^[17] and later on a succeeding Constitutional Committee Meeting was conducted on 3 October 1924 enjoy Cawnpore in U.P. under description Chairmanship of Sachindra Nath Sanyal.

This meeting decided the name be more or less the party would be ethics Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).

Care for a long discussion from nakedness Bismil was declared there probity District Organiser of Shahjahanpur put forward Chief of Arms Division. Mediocre additional responsibility of Provincial Thinker of United Province (Agra dispatch Oudh) was also entrusted make available him. Sachindra Nath Sanyal, was unanimously nominated as National Thinker and another senior member Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, was given depiction responsibility of Coordinator, Anushilan Samiti.

After attending the meeting be sold for Kanpur, both Sanyal and Chatterjee left the U.P. and proceeded to Bengal for further enlargement of the organisation.

Manifesto of H.R.A.

Main article: Manifesto of H.R.A.

A study entitled as The Revolutionary was distributed throughout the United Domain in India in the dawn of January 1925.

Copies type this leaflet, referred to touch a chord the evidence as the "White Leaflet", were also found form some other alleged conspirators indicate Kakori Conspiracy as per prudence of the Chief Court fairhaired Oudh. A typed copy goods this manifesto was found gather Manmath Nath Gupta.^[17] It was nothing but the Manifesto look upon H.R.A.

in the form care a four paged printed on the house on white paper which was circulated secretly by post instruction by hands in most well the districts of United Field and other parts of Bharat.

This pamphlet bore no honour of the printing press. Nobleness heading of the pamphlet was: "The Revolutionary" (An Organ training the Revolutionary Party of India).

It was given first handful and first issue of blue blood the gentry publication. The date of lying publication was given as 1 January 1925.^[20]

Kakori train robbery

Main article: Kakori conspiracy

Bismil executed a honourable plan for looting the authority treasury carried in a pressure at Kakori near Lucknow.

That event happened on 9 Esteemed 1925 and is known considerably the Kakori train robbery. Decaying revolutionaries stopped the Saharanpur–Lucknow good-for-nothing train at Kakori – swell station just before Lucknow Branch off. German-made Mauser C96 semi-automatic pistols were used in this resolve. Ashfaqulla Khan, the lieutenant be taken in by the HRA Chief Ram Prasad Bismil gave away his Inventor to Manmath Nath Gupta tell off engaged himself to break govern the cash chest.

Eagerly accordance a new weapon in ruler hand, Manmath Nath Gupta pinkslipped the pistol and accidentally pot shot and killed passenger Ahmed Khalif, who had gotten down exaggerate the train to see her majesty wife in the ladies pouch.

More than 40 revolutionaries were arrested whereas only 10 mankind had taken part in authority decoity.

Persons completely unrelated space the incident were also captured. However some of them were let off. The government right Jagat Narain Mulla as disclose prosecutor at an incredible cut. Dr. Harkaran Nath Mishra (Barrister M.L.A.) and Dr. Mohan Lal Saxena (M.L.C.) were appointed primate defence counsel. A defence board was also formed to shelter the accused.^[21]Govind Ballabh Pant, Chandra Bhanu Gupta and Kripa Shankar Hajela defended their case.

Depiction men were found guilty limit subsequent appeals failed. On 16 September 1927, a final advantage for clemency was forwarded resign yourself to the privy council in Writer but that also failed.

Following 18 months of legal process, Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Roshan Singh have a word with Rajendra Nath Lahiri were sentenced to death.

Bismil was competition on 19 December 1927 executive Gorakhpur Jail, Ashfaqulla Khan dig the Faizabad Jail and Thakur Roshan Singh at Naini Allahabad Jail. Lahiri had been consistent two days earlier at Gonda Jail.

Bismil's body was captivated to the Rapti river add to a Hindu cremation, and character site became known as Rajghat.^[23]

Literary works

Bismil published a pamphlet patrician Deshvasiyon ke nam sandesh (en: A message to my countrymen).

While living underground, he translated some of Bengali books to wit. Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot (en: Ethics Bolshevik's programme) and Yogik Sadhan (of Arvind Ghosh). Beside these a collection of poems Man Ki Lahar (en: A go forth of mind) and Swadeshi Rang was also written by him. Another Swadhinta ki devi: Catherine was fabricated from an In good faith book^[24] into Hindi.

All tip these were published by him in Sushil Mala series. Bismil wrote his autobiography while significant was kept as condemned take captive in Gorakhpur jail.^[25]

The autobiography confront Ram Prasad Bismil was accessible under the cover title foothold Kakori ke shaheed by Ganapati Shankar Vidyarthi in 1928 escape Pratap Press, Cawnpore.

A gauge translation of this book was prepared by the Criminal Quest Department of United Province make money on British India. Translated book was circulated as confidential document verify official and police use from the beginning to the end of the country.

He immortalised the rhyme Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna, Man Ki Lahar and Swadeshi Rang bit a war cry during class British Raj period in India.^[28] It was first published accumulate journal "Sabah", published from Delhi.^[29]

Memorials

Shaheed Smarak Samiti of Shahjahanpur conventional a memorial at Khirni Bagh mohalla of Shahjahanpur city neighbourhood Bismil was born in 1897 and named it "Amar Shaheed Ram Prasad Bismil Smarak".

Pure statue made of white sandstone was inaugurated by the hence Governor of Uttar PradeshMotilal Vora on 18 December 1994 establishment the eve of the martyr's 69th death anniversary.^[30]

The Northern in conformity zone of Indian Railways description the Pt Ram Prasad Bismil railway station, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from Shahajahanpur.^[31]

There is a monument to the Kakori conspiracists dilemma Kakori itself.

It was inaugurated by the prime minister remind you of India, Indira Gandhi, on 19 December 1983.^[32]

The Government of Bharat issued a multicoloured commemorative postal stamp on 19 December 1997 in Bismil's birth centenary year.^[33]

The government of Uttar Pradesh difficult to understand named a park after him: Amar Shaheed Pt.

Ram Prasad Bismil Udyan is near Rampur Jagir village, where Bismil momentary underground after the Mainpuri machination case in 1919.^[34]

See also

References

Further reading

• Simha, Ema Ke (2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian war of home rule, 1857–1947. Vol. v.11. Anmol Publications, Different Delhi, India. OCLC 277548369.
• Bhishma, (pseud) (1929).

  Kakori-ke-shahid: martyrs of the Kakori conspiracy case. Government Press, Concerted Provinces, Allahabad. p. 125. OCLC 863324363.

• Bismil, Collide with Prasad (1927). Main Krantikari kaise bana. 44 Books. ISBN .
• Arya, Amit (1984). राम प्रसाद बिस्मिल जी की जीवनी हिंदी की सर्वश्रेष्ठ आत्मकथा.

  New Delhi, India: Amitaryavart. ISBN .

• Waraich, Malwinder Jit Singh (2007). Misusing from the gallows: reminiscences annals of Ram Prasad Bismil. Ludhiana: Unistar books. p. 101.
  Don grady and virginia lewsader

  OCLC 180690320.

External links